It-en: O

:'''obbedienza''':''obedience'' :'''oculatezza''':''caution, having a careful eye for...'' It is a word that was in use among Salesians to express a practical quality of the Preventive System and Salesian assistance in addition to its more general meaning :'''ONLUS''':''ONLUS'' The term is an acronym. In English it means non-profit organizations for social benefit. It brings together such organizations registered under Italian law :'''onomastico''':''name day'' In most English-speaking countries the person's birthday is celebrated. In Italy and other Catholic countries (or formerly so) the name day or day of the Saint one is named after is celebrated :'''opera ''':''work'' Would not always be glossed as 'work'. After all at the heart of it must be a 'community'. Occasionally as ''setting''. Avoid ''presence'' where possible. Then there are the several ''Opere'' (Upper case O) or 'Works' that are part of the founding story of the Congregation, including the very Work of the Oratory itself, and the Work of Mary Help of Christians (cf. ''Figli di Maria'' or Sons of Mary) :'''operativo''':''practical, in practice'' As in ''modello operativo''. ''direzioni operativi'' ''orientamenti operativi'' (working or practical guidelines) etc :'''Opere Edite''':''Published Works'' Published in 1877 by Don Bosco, this booklet (5" x3.5", 59 pages, counting title page and frontispiece) contains the Regulations of the Oratory of St Francis de Sales fpr the Externs. Reference to the term in English is most likely in its original form, ie. as ''Opere Edite''. In more recent times there has been the publication of ''Opere Inedite'', Don Bosco's Unpublished Works, by the ISS :'''oratoriano''':''oratorian'' In Salesian circles it will refer to the characteristic style of the Oratory or to a person who attends one. But cf. also ''criterio oratoriano'' and ''cuore oratoriano'' :'''oratorio''':''oratory'' Would most usually be capitalised. Central and founding concept in Salesian experience - the place (Valdocco), the people (DB and the boys), the actions (education), the system (preventive) etc. The best description we have of the term is to be found in GC21 nos. 121ff. The discussion notes that Oratory and Youth Centre indicate different realities in different areas, but both coming from the same pedagogical intuition and spirit. It notes that the two terms are somewhat imprecise even in normative texts. GC21 however, offers its definitions: Oratory is aimed at younger children (ragazzi), is for the most part open to the masses with aims and methods that are appropriate to this. By contrast the Youth Centre is open to older youth... :'''Oratorio festivo''':''Festive oratory'' The concept is difficult to translate into more modern secularised societies where not so many religious festivals are celebrated. But it implies non-working days, weekends, long weekends and the like. In fact DB took up a term already in existence - the Oratory and the festive oratory already existed, so what was the distinctive notion that DB added? It was the fact that in an Italian parish context, the festive oratory was mainly for prayer, and mainly just for an hour or two in the morning or afternoon. DB made it play and prayer, and open from early morning to late evening! :'''orfanel/orfaneij''':''orphan'' cf comment on ''orfano'' below :'''orfano, orfanello''':''orphan'' We might have expected Don Bosco to use this term more often. Instead he uses it but once in MO where he describes the first boy he took in (from the Val Sesia) at the Oratory. Cf. comment by N Cerrato on DB's use of Piedmontese ''fieuj'' which comes into Italian often as ''ragazzi'' or ''giovani'' but carries the sense of ''orfani/orfanelli''. These latter exist in Piedmontese but are less likely in conversation. In Italian someone may be 'orphaned' of one parent, whereas in English it would be expected that an orphan has lost both parents :'''organico''':''whole, overall, systematic'' In many instances this adjective would be best glossed with a term other than ''organic''. Possible other terms are ''structured, planned, integral, overall''. In the context of POI or ''Progetto Organico Ispettoriale'', avoid 'organic' and either gloss simply as ''Province Project'' or Plan, or overall plan :'''organismi ispettoriali''':''provincial bodies, organising groups'' Avoid ''organisms'' :'''orientamenti''':''guidelines'' :'''ospizio''':''boarding establishment'' DB opened his first such place in 1847 just two years after settling into the permanent location for the Oratory. It was an annex to the Oratory but eventually came to be the basis of the development of the ''collegio'' (:nl:)